Chang spent decades at Texas Instruments and was passed over for the top job. In his mid fifties, Taiwan's government asked him to come build a chip industry.
His bet was that chip companies would eventually want to design chips without owning factories, so someone should build factories that only make chips for others and never compete with their customers. People thought the market was too small.
TSMC now makes most of the world's advanced chips, for Apple, Nvidia, AMD and nearly everyone else. Whole industries sit on top of one company on one island.